Supply Chain Sources
List of authoritative, freely accessible and licence-clean sources used to write this Knowledge Pack. Definitions and content are written in original words based on these sources; no verbatim text from commercial standards or copyright-protected publications is reproduced.
ASCM - Association for Supply Chain Management
URL: https://www.ascm.org/
ASCM (formerly APICS) is the world's leading professional association in supply chain management. It publishes the CSCP (Certified Supply Chain Professional) Body of Knowledge, the SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) standard and the APICS Dictionary of supply chain definitions. Definitions of MRP, MPS, S&OP, safety stock, OTIF and other terminology in this kit conform to the APICS/ASCM Dictionary, the primary reference for supply chain terminology in English-speaking markets.
GS1 - Global Standards Organization
URL: https://www.gs1.org/standards
GS1 is the non-profit organisation that develops and maintains global standards for product identification (GTIN, EAN, UPC), locations (GLN), shipments (SSCC) and traceability. Technical documentation for GS1 standards (including EAN-13, GS1 DataMatrix, SSCC, EPCIS) is publicly published. Definitions of GTIN, EDI, RFID and traceability in this kit reference GS1 standards.
ICC - International Chamber of Commerce: Incoterms 2020
URL: https://iccwbo.org/business-solutions/incoterms-rules/incoterms-2020/
Incoterms 2020 terms (DPU, CIP, FCA, DAP, DDP, etc.) are registered trademarks and commercial publications of ICC. In this kit, Incoterms are cited exclusively by the term name (e.g. DPU, CIP, FCA) with a description in original words explaining the commercial effect. No verbatim text from ICC rules is reproduced, in conformance with the KH-QA-04 policy of citation by name/number. For the full normative text of Incoterms 2020, refer to the official ICC publication.
Investopedia - Supply Chain / Logistics Reference
URL: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/supplychain.asp
Investopedia provides financial and business reference definitions, including entries for EOQ, safety stock, inventory turnover and supply chain management. Terminology pages are released for public reading. Used as a secondary cross-check source for quantitative definitions (EOQ formula, inventory turnover ratio).
MIT Center for Transportation and Logistics - SCM Resources
URL: https://ctl.mit.edu/
The MIT Center for Transportation and Logistics publishes research, white papers and blog articles on supply chain management best practices, risk management, sustainability and digitalisation. Publicly accessible academic research was used as a reference for best practices on dual sourcing, demand sensing and network design.
EU Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD)
URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32022L2464
The CSRD (Directive 2022/2464/EU) is published on EUR-Lex under CC-BY 4.0 reuse licence. It introduces sustainability reporting obligations along the supply chain (Scope 3 due diligence) for large EU companies. Cited for the regulatory sustainability requirement in the supply chain (best practice §10).
ISO - International Organization for Standardization
URL: https://www.iso.org/
ISO publishes international standards relevant to supply chain, including ISO 9001 (quality management), ISO 14001 (environmental management) and ISO 28000 (security management systems for the supply chain). ISO standards are cited by number (e.g. ISO 9001:2015) without reproducing verbatim normative text, in line with the KH-QA-04 policy.
Wilson, R.H. (1934) - EOQ Formula Reference
The EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) formula was formalised by R.H. Wilson in 1934, and the related academic literature is in the public domain. The formula is presented in this kit in the standard form: EOQ = √(2DS/H), where D is annual demand, S is the per-order cost and H is the annual unit holding cost. Reference sources for this formula include leading Operations Management textbooks in the public domain or open access.