Sources

Sources and References - Manufacturing Knowledge Pack

This pack is grounded in authoritative, open-access or public-domain sources. References to ISO standards cite exclusively the clause number and a brief original-wording description - ISO normative text is copyright-protected and is never reproduced verbatim.

Toyota Production System (TPS) - Founding Principles

  • Primary source: Toyota Motor Corporation, public description of the Toyota Production System (two-pillar model: JIT + Jidoka). Available at https://www.toyota-global.com/company/vision_philosophy/toyota_production_system/
  • Licence: Methodology descriptions are publicly documented; concepts are in the public domain.
  • Pack coverage: kanban, heijunka, jidoka, just-in-time, takt time, gemba walk.

Lean Manufacturing - Definitions and Methodology

  • Source: Lean Enterprise Institute (LEI), https://www.lean.org/ - lean glossary, foundational principles, value stream mapping. Taiichi Ohno, "Toyota Production System" (1978), concepts in the public domain as widely documented.
  • Source: James P. Womack, Daniel T. Jones, "Lean Thinking" (1996) - 5 lean principles (value, value stream, flow, pull, perfection). Synthesis of concepts in original wording.
  • Licence: Methodological concepts in the public domain; original synthesis.
  • Pack coverage: muda, VSM, 5S, kanban, kaizen, takt time, one-piece flow.

Six Sigma and Statistical Methods

  • Source: American Society for Quality (ASQ), https://asq.org/ - Six Sigma definitions, DMAIC, DFSS. Statistical concepts (Cpk, SPC, DMAIC) widely documented in open literature.
  • Source: Minitab Statistical Software documentation, https://support.minitab.com/ - SPC methods, capability indices (Cp, Cpk, Ppk). Public technical documentation.
  • Licence: Methodological definitions in the public domain; original synthesis.
  • Pack coverage: DMAIC, Six Sigma, SPC, Cpk, control chart, DPMO.

ISO 9001 - Quality Management System (QMS)

  • Source: ISO 9001:2015 "Quality management systems - Requirements". Cited exclusively by clause number (e.g. Clause 8.3 "Design and development of products and services", Clause 8.5 "Production and service provision", Clause 10.2 "Nonconformity and corrective action"). ISO normative text is copyright-protected (iso.org/copyright.html) and is never cited verbatim.
  • Official reference: https://www.iso.org/standard/62085.html
  • Licence: Clause number citation only - no verbatim text.
  • Pack coverage: QMS, conformance, corrective action, continual improvement.

ISO 14001 - Environmental Management System (EMS)

  • Source: ISO 14001:2015 "Environmental management systems - Requirements with guidance for use". Cited exclusively by clause number (e.g. Clause 6.1 "Actions to address risks and opportunities", Clause 8.1 "Operational planning and control"). ISO normative text is copyright-protected and is never reproduced verbatim.
  • Official reference: https://www.iso.org/standard/60857.html
  • Licence: Clause number citation only - no verbatim text.
  • Pack coverage: EMS, environmental compliance, impact management.

OEE - Standard Definition and Benchmarks

  • Source: OEE methodology via International Society of Automation (ISA), https://www.isa.org/ - OEE concepts are in the public domain. Formula OEE = Availability × Performance × Quality is widely published.
  • Source: OEE Foundation, https://www.oee.com/ - public documentation on OEE methodology and Six Big Losses.
  • Licence: Formula and methodology in the public domain; described in original wording.
  • Pack coverage: OEE, Availability, Performance, Quality, Six Big Losses.

FMEA and APQP - Automotive Standards

  • Source: AIAG (Automotive Industry Action Group) + VDA (Verband der Automobilindustrie) - joint AIAG-VDA FMEA Handbook (4th edition). FMEA concepts (Severity, Occurrence, Detection, RPN) widely documented in open technical literature.
  • Source: AIAG APQP Reference Manual - APQP methodology with five phases and primary outputs. Synthesis of concepts in original wording.
  • Licence: Methodological concepts described in original wording; original manuals are AIAG paid publications.
  • Pack coverage: FMEA, DFMEA, PFMEA, RPN, APQP, PPAP, control plan.