Sources

Sources and References - Cartography

Authoritative sources used to produce this knowledge pack.

Primary sources

• Istituto Geografico Militare (IGM) - official Italian cartographic portal - official Italian topographic cartography, geodetic networks, conventional symbol specifications, datum transformations (Roma40 → ETRS89).
• EPSG Registry - IOGP Geodetic Parameter Registry - official registry of coordinate reference systems, projections, and datums with unique numeric codes.
• epsg.io - EPSG Registry interface - web interface to the EPSG registry with transformations, WKT, and test coordinates.
• OpenStreetMap - collaborative geographic database ODbL; source for vector data and standard geographic nomenclature.
• OpenTopoMap - topographic cartographic rendering based on OSM and SRTM data; de facto standard for web topographic maps.
• NASA SRTM - EarthExplorer USGS - access to SRTM1 (30 m) and SRTM3 (90 m) DEM data in HGT format, WGS84 datum.
• WGS84 - NGA TR8350.2, Third Edition (1997) - official NGA WGS84 datum specification, ellipsoid parameters and gravitational field.
• OGC Standards - Open Geospatial Consortium - open standards for WMS, WMTS, WFS, GML, WKT, Simple Features.

Software and library sources

• GDAL/OGR Documentation - official GDAL documentation for raster and vector formats, utilities (gdalinfo, ogr2ogr, gdalwarp, gdal_translate).
• PROJ Documentation - reference library for coordinate transformations, projections, and datum shifts.
• PostGIS Documentation - official PostGIS documentation for spatial functions, geometry/geography types, GiST indexes.
• pyproj Documentation - Python wrapper for PROJ for coordinate transformations from code.
• RFC 7946 - GeoJSON specification - IETF specification for GeoJSON format (August 2016), defining lon-lat order and exclusive use of WGS84.

Regulatory and institutional sources

• INSPIRE Directive (2007/2/EC) - European infrastructure for geographic information; mandates ETRS89 and GML formats for European cartography.
• AGID - Geodati.gov.it - Italian national geoportal, INSPIRE-compliant metadata catalog, access to national WMS/WFS.
• ISO TC/211 Geographic Information Standards - ISO standards for cartography: ISO 19111 (CRS), ISO 19115 (metadata), ISO 19125 (Simple Features).